A purely motor nerve, the anterior interosseous nerve is a division of the median nerve. Galeazzi fracture dislocation is confirmed on radiographic evaluation.įorearm trauma may be associated with compartment syndrome.Īnterior interosseous nerve palsy may also be present, but it is often overlooked because there is no sensory component to this finding. Pain and soft-tissue swelling are present at the distal-third radial fracture site and at the wrist joint. These fractures occur with a bimodal distribution, diaphyseal forearm fractures in young males are commonly due to high-energy trauma (e.g., sports injuries, falls from height, motor vehicle collisions) and fractures in aging females are due to low-energy traumas such as falls from ground level 4. The energy from the radius fracture gets transmitted towards the radioulnar joint leading to dislocation of the distal radioulnar joint. The cause of the Galeazzi fracture is thought to be a fall on an outstretched hand in association with hyper-pronation of the forearm. Distally the radius connects with the lunate and scaphoid bones of the wrist. The proximal radial head articulates with the capitellum of the humerus (radiocapitellar joint), rotating within the annular ligament during pronation and supination. Distally the ulnar head serves as an insertion point for the triangular fibrocartilage complex, supplementing the distal radioulnar joint. Proximally the ulna consists of the olecranon and coronoid. The radiocapitellar joint largely stabilizes the proximal forearm while the triangular fibrocartilage complex predominantly supports the distal forearm. The interosseous membrane is responsible for dispersing axial load force to the forearm, 60% to the radiocapitellar joint and 40% to the ulnohumeral joint. The radius and ulna are stabilized by three groups of ligamentous structures: distally the triangular fibrocartilage complex, the interosseous membrane, and proximally the annular ligament. The forearm is composed of the radius and ulna bones. In Galeazzi-equivalent fractures, ulnar physeal arrest is frequent, seen in 55% of cases. distal radius: Kirschner wires (K-wires).metaphyseal-diaphyseal junction: plate and screw. The exact mode of fixation depends on the location of the radial fracture 3: Galeazzi fracture dislocation are unstable and operative fixation is usually required to reduce and fix the radial fracture, with arm immobilization in pronation 3. Although Galeazzi fracture patterns are reportedly uncommon, they are estimated to account for 7% of all forearm fractures in adults 2. Galeazzi fractures are primarily encountered in children, with a peak incidence at age 9-12 years 2. Galeazzi fractures account for 3-7% of all forearm fractures.
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